Friday, August 21, 2020

Inherited disease and pre-natal investigations Essay

Acquired infection and pre-natal examinations - Essay Example Then again, cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell pallor are autosomal latent which implies that the illnesses require two transformed duplicates of the particular quality to be acquired by the posterity, one each from either parent, so as to have the malady. People who acquire just one duplicate of a passive transformation are bearers for the sickness attribute. The hereditary or chromosomal variations from the norm in the baby can be recognized through pre-birth examinations in pregnant ladies. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus inspecting (CVS) are two standard pre-birth tests generally performed during the first and second trimester of pregnancy. For the most part, amniocentesis is done at 15-18 weeks' growth and CVS at 10-12 weeks' incubation (Olney et al., 2001). Both are obtrusive screening systems which are related with dangers to the baby. Amniocentesis comprises of expulsion of a little amount of the amniotic liquid with the assistance of an empty needle embedded into the uterus through the stomach divider while CVS includes biopsy of the placental cells (ScienceDaily, 2006). The fetal cells along these lines acquired are additionally broke down for hereditary variations from the norm. 2. Quickly clarify what Maple syrup pee malady (MSUD) is. What trademark smell is related with MSUD? Depict quickly why keto-acids are available in MSUD. Maple syrup pee ailment (MSUD), an extended chain ketoaciduria, is a digestion issue brought about by a quality deformity (Haldeman-Englert, 2009). It is an autosomal passive malady. Pee in this condition by and large scents like maple syrup. As the essential deformity in this illness lies in the qualities identified with the oxidative decarboxylation catalysts engaged with the digestion of the spread chain amino acids, for example, leucine, isoleucine, and valine, there is an aggregation of the keto acids in the blood. The expanded chain keto acids (BCKA) aggregating in MSUD are ?- ketoisocaproic corrosive, ?- ketoisovaleri c corrosive, and ?- keto-?- methylvaleric corrosive (Funchal et al., 2005). 3. Clarify the terms: Maternal PKU Biopterin insufficiency The term maternal phenylketonuria (PKU) alludes to the teratogenic impacts of PKU during pregnancy. It is a hereditary condition wherein the significant levels of phenylalanine during pregnancy in ladies with PKU can build the danger of mental impediment, low birth weight, and birth surrenders in the infant (GDSP Medical Terminology Glossary, 2010). Biopterin inadequacy or tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) insufficiency includes heterogeneous autosomal latent issue. BH4 is a the cofactor for phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase, tyrosine-3-hydroxylase, and tryptophan-5-hydroxylase. Thus, the insufficiencies are portrayed by a lopsidedness in phenylalanine homeostasis, cerebrum biosynthesis of catecholamine and serotonin (Scheinfeld and Jones, 2010). Like PKU, BH4 lacks hinder formative capacity. A portion of the variations of BH4 insufficiencies might be identified w ith PKU screening tests. 4. What is aminiotic liquid, and I'm not catching it's meaning when it delivers a high salt substance? The amniotic liquid is a reasonable, watery liquid that is found in the amniotic hole. It is comprised of the liquid that channels out of the maternal blood through the amniotic epithelium into the amniotic depression just as fetal constituents including pee, and exudates from the skin, the umbilical line, the lungs and the kidneys (Trofatter, Jr. 2008). The osmolality (which is a proportion of the measure of

Monday, July 13, 2020

Soil, Land Use And Environment Example

Soil, Land Use And Environment Example Soil, Land Use And Environment â€" Essay Example > To what extent can it be argued that the acidification of soils in humid temperate regions is the product of natural soil development as opposed to land use practice? IntroductionAcidification of soils is caused by the leaching and otherwise removal of cations (e. g. Ca and Mg) at a rate faster than can be supplied by weathering of the parent material. Leaching most often occurs where precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration, and includes the temperate regions of northwestern Europe, where soils have been subject to leaching since the end of the last ice age (Ellis and Mellor, 1995). Natural soils facing the same conditions for an extended time reach an equilibrium pH, but a wide variety of causes can change pH. Very low pH can cause a variety of problems, reducing the availability of nutrients for plant growth, and mobilising heavy metals such as aluminium, which can be very toxic when washed into fresh water systems. Natural causesPure rainwater in equilibrium with the atmospher e has a pH of 5.6. On meeting soil with a lower pH, the water is a sink of protons, as HCO3- ? H2CO3. However, the effect is a relatively small increase in pH, since the concentration of bicarbonate ions is low (Rowell and Wild, 1985). When meeting soil of pH above 5.6, rain has an acidifying effect, as carbonic acid dissociates, releasing protons. These exchange with the exchangeable cations such as Ca and Mg, which are then leached out of the system. In calcareous soils with pH 6.5, CaCO3 dissolves to Ca2+ and HCO3- which are also lost by leaching. The effect of rainwater as an acidifying agent is strongest in this last soil type (Rowell and Wild, 1985). Microbial respiration causes acidification by releasing CO2 which dissolves in soil water to form carbonic acid. Plants also contain many organic acids that are released to the soil. Nitrifying bacteria, also living in the soil, cause acidification by contributing to organic decomposition. In this process, NH4+ ions are oxidised to NO3- ions, with H+ ions as a by-product. Plant growth itself causes acidification, as base cations taken up by the roots are exchanged for H+ ions. The type of vegetation has a great effect on the contribution to acidity. Much research has been done into the effects of different tree species and woodland types (e. g. Hornung, 1985; Ovington, 1953), since the development of forests generally causes soil acidification. The processes in a new forest that contribute to acidification are the formation of an acid litter and mor humus, throughfall and stemflow (altering the chemistry of rainwater), production of organic acids, increased base cation uptake from the soil and increased precipitation interception and evapotranspiration. Not all of these processes act under all forests, and the effects are most marked under coniferous forests. However, there evidence that acidification of soils beneath conifers is largely reversed as the trees reach maturity. During the early years humus build-up is rapid, but later, as the canopy closes, the microclimate becomes less favourable for decomposition of litter, and thus nitrification by bacteria (Miles, 1985). The high soil pH created by young forests also affects the soil macrofauna, particularly earthworms. Earthworms are efficient decomposers of organic material, but can’t tolerate low pH. So, the decomposition of litter under a mature forest is further hindered by the loss of earthworm populations, and pH rises. Rising of pH during forest maturity is also due to changes in the ground vegetation as the forest closes in, for example the loss of relict moorland vegetation that has a strong acidifying effect.

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

Nuclear Arms Race in South Asia and Its Impact on Regional...

NUCLEAR ARMS RACE IN SOUTH ASIA AND ITS IMPACT ON REGIONAL SECURITY INTRODUCTION 1. The nuclear age opened during World War II with a blinding light; a deafening roars fire and blood. The world’s first nuclear bomb exploded at Alamogordo on 16 July 1945. It had a very complex history. The sensational discovery of nuclear fission first came in Germany in December 1938. British research then showed that the manufacture of a nuclear weapon was almost possible. The American technological, scientific and industrial effort in the â€Å"Manhattan Project†, that actually built the bomb. At last initial test was carried out in the wastes of New Mexico desert. The American first used nuclear bomb against Japan in August 1945 in World War II. 2. The†¦show more content†¦Consequently the concern about India surfaces more strongly in the minds of the NNWS than any other state. Besides, India is so close to each one of them in terms of shared history, inheritance and culture that one cannot help but recognize her overwhelming influence. For them, to divorce the past, which all these countries shared with India, is to cut themselves off from their roots. 6. None of the NNWS of South Asia matches the Indian power capabilities with respect to any of the attributes of power. The power difference is so enormous that no NNWS can either singly or collectively encounter the Indian pressure and threat. Therefore, both militarily and economically the states are extremely vulnerable vis-à  -vis India. All these issues bear out the fact that India, a single overwhelming factor, and looms very large in the minds of the small states of South Asia when matters not only of external relations but also of domestic importance are considered. 7. Pakistan is also an important actor in the region and appears big in the mind of NNWS too. But they do not so far perceive it as a threat. Nevertheless, when India and to some extent Pakistan acquire huge armed forces, with the latest combat aircraft, tanks, guns, a vast industrial establishment, a nuclear capability and even a nuclear power submarine then the smaller countries of south Asia cannot but watch with a high degree ofShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of the Cold War on the World1648 Words   |  7 Pagessuggests that the rivalry between the superpowers were responsible for worsening and prolonging the regional conflicts. The Cold War was the elongated tension between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. It started in the mid 40s after WWII had left Europe in shambles and USSR and US in superpower positions. The Cold War was a clash of these superpowers in political, ideological, security, and economic values and ideas. 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European Economic Community Members of the EEC in 1957 consisted of Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, West Germany, France, and Italy Most members of the EEC were close neighbors geographically, so it was easier to have a greater impact on one another. 4. Breakup of the Soviet Union Independant states that arose were Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan. Trade increased in difficulty for the Russia because, now they were surrounded by a lot of independentRead MoreTaking a Look at the Kashmir Conflict2667 Words   |  11 Pagesits very basis, it is a territorial dispute between the governments of India and Pakistan and Kashmiri insurgent groups over control of the region of Kashmir. However, at it’s core it is religious quarrel that has been affected by the presence of nuclear weapons and the desire for local autonomy. The potential for peace is a topic still widely debated and rarely agreed upon by scholars. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Cultural Landscape Of Asian And Latin American Countries

Abstract Street markets have always been a significant aspect of the cultural landscape of Asian and Latin American countries such as China, Thailand, India, Brazil and Mexico. These markets become creators of vital public space and with time, through their actions, appropriate loose space and make a permanent place for themselves in the collective memory of people, eventually contributing to the cultural identity of these neighborhoods. Yet, this potential of markets to become successful and vibrant social spaces and a solution to the class divided hierarchical cities of today, is often not acknowledged or accepted by civic authorities. The State’s policy towards these street markets in developing countries has largely been to eliminate†¦show more content†¦Informal Markets: Creators of Public Space Public Markets play a central role in the formation of public culture and have an articulated relationship with space and society. They morphologically shape space and also shape social networks and economic systems. A large share of market not absorbed by formal economic activities becomes a part of the informal market. It also represents a significant percentage of the national economy, and guarantees jobs to a large number of people. They are rather a sign of heroic entrepreneurship (Hernando de Soto 2000), or of ‘informal survivalism’ as (Mike David 2004) puts it, a primarily mode of livelihood in majority of the Third World countries. Through their act of an informalized production of space, they maximize limited space or create space where no space exists in commercially viable prime locations, thereby creating an economic opportunity out of it and social space as a by-product. While market places fulfil economic considerations, by providing an alternative means of livelihoods to millions, they also perform an indispensable social function by becoming communal spaces, giving life to neighborhoods. Overtime, they become an intrinsic part of the cultural landscape of any neighborhood or city and become places of social gathering at the street level. They act as a catchment area for a community, and provide food, entertainment and social interaction and hence, they successfully

Use of Technology in Cities -Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Use of Technology in Cities. Answer: Introduction Technology is anything which makes life easy and hassle free. The driver less car can be considered as one of the most innovative ideas which can be directly applied to technology. In recent times driver faults can be considered as one of the biggest reason of accidents which occur (Cummings 2017). The driverless cars have mainly gone from science fiction to facts. For instance, the google driver less car are already seen on roads. It was stated that it was driven over a millions miles as of June 2015. The concept of the driverless car is very much beneficial but on the other hand there are many technological aspects which are related to the concept. The main point of emphasis that can be stated is that navigation section from point A to point B. the concept heavily depends on the information which is collected from the surround environment of the car. The main aim of the report is put into consideration the concept which is applied to the driverless car. Emphasis would be put towards the point that how the technology would be beneficial for the society and the concept of connected and driverless car: benefit to business and other aspects of the technology. On the other hand, the means of collecting the information in order to propagate from one to another is also an important aspect of the report. Benefits to the society Driverless car can directly restore the factor of independence towards those who are not able to drive or are physically disabled. the technology can also be beneficial for those who live in area where transport facility is very much less. This would directly lead to predictable journey by means of integrating themselves with the real time management. Travellers can directly reduce the time which is involved in the concept of travelling and as a whole it can economically be used for different purpose (Gaska, Chen and Summerville 2016). Cyber security Perspective Putting focus on the cyber security perspective driverless car can present a number of unique considerations, risk and challenges. As the technology of the driverless car is evolving the manufacturers are focused to build sound privacy and practices which are related to cyber security (Cummings 2017). The privacy aspect is basically characterized by proactive and not reactive. It can anticipate and prevent events which are invasive actually occur. It mainly aims at preventing them before they actually occur. The system being active in an automatic environment it can be very much prone towards hacking. So precaution measures should be implemented in order to avoid such scenario. A driverless car is generally defined as a vehicle with an inbuilt system which performs dynamic driving task with limit assistance form human. It can be basically understood using the following spectrums: Level 0 No automation Level 1 driver assistance Level 2 - partial automation Level 3 partial automation Level 4- high automation Level 5 full automation (Williams 2016). The driverless car can continuously collect the information from the surrounding using a variety of resources which are mainly a radar, a laser surveying technology which is called Lider and three dimensional map. In order to implement the technology, the cars computer utilizes the wireless technology in order to transmit data about the surrounding of the year which is mainly done in real time. The cloud storage can be used in order to store the data which is being collected (Gaska, Chen and Summerville 2016). The driverless car on the other hand should also be able to communicate with each other. This should also be done in real time prospective. Technology is being developed which mainly enables driverless cars to communicate with each other and the infrastructure of the surrounding scenario through the use of sensors that broadcast information (Yigitcanlar, Currie and Kamruzzaman 2017). More advanced intersection control is being implemented which can mainly enable the cars to sense road signs, approaching vehicles and traffic lights from any direction and accordingly adjust the speed. Main data source The key data source for the technology of the driverless cars is the Lider (Chen and Nie 2017). Lider is an acronym for light ranging and detection. This mainly helps to perceive the surrounding of the cars. The Lider creates a high resolution, three dimensional image of the vehicle immediate environment. The Lider data are integrated with a number of other inputs. This mainly include images which are digital which provide visual supplement information such as shape and colour and the GPS (Global positioning system) coordinates. This helps the car to develop a precise understanding of its position on the road and the sonar and the radar, this mainly helps in detecting the nearby objects and their proximity (Fell 2017). Software advantage The chief advantage which is related to the driverless cars derives from the software. It is the software above all the implementations which are involved in the concept. The traditional car manufacturers should always take into consideration the threats that can be involved in the concept. A recent report by the KPMG stated that by the year 2030 all the cars which are new would have some elements which are related to the connectivity and a quarter would be fully autonomous (Gaska, Chen and Summerville 2016). Established car makers have to put forwards the sector of the innovation while still trying to develop the concept of producing conventional vehicles (Zhou et al. 2016). Legal obligations and liability The electronic documents and the personal information acts (PIPEDA) governs the protection of the information which are personal in the course which is related to commercial activities in all the jurisdiction. (Wadhwa, V. and Salkever 2017). Price of privacy People are very much prepared to trade in return for the service like the in house monitoring leading to a lower insurance premium and future location and driving conditions in order to enable better traffic management (Cui 2016). The data security measures should be a high point of emphasis and the concept of the data protocols. The autonomous vehicles wont work if their technology doesnt match up the concept of the developing infrastructure such as car park and the traffic management concept. It mainly sets a standard that will provide a base from which it starts the process of the development of the connected vehicles would can be stated as an invaluable first step (Luo, Yan and Wood 2017). Conclusion The technology which is related to the driverless car comes up with various opportunities. On the other hand, risk factors are also enforced into the concept. Driverless cars will by necessity create, collect and exchange a he amounts of data in order to fulfil the performance need of the technology. All the manufacturers who are involved in the concept a reality on the road from the manufacturer of the sensors to the manufacturer of the cars should be mindful of these issue in order to ensure that this data is properly protected and collected. This technology in the near future can be termed as the safest, efficient and the cheapest of the technology which is related to the transport sector The report can be concluded on the fact that Whereas in the past, car owners were attracted by speed, performance and luxury, tomorrows owner/passenger who, after all, will not be doing so much driving may be more interested in the tech specs such as fast broadband and in car entertainment. In the near future it can play a very vital role in involving a new technological trend. References Chen, P.W. and Nie, Y.M., 2017. Connecting e-hailing to mass transit platform: Analysis of relative spatial position. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 77, pp.444-461. Cui, X., 2016. The internet of things. In Ethical Ripples of Creativity and Innovation (pp. 61-68). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Cummings, M., 2017. Point of View: The Brave New World of Driverless Cars: The Need for Interdisciplinary Research and Workforce Development. TR News, (308). Fell, J., 2017. Cars of the future [Transport Concept Cars]. Engineering Technology, 12(2), pp.48-53. Gaska, T., Chen, Y. and Summerville, D., 2016, September. Leveraging driverless car investment in next generation integrated modular avionics (IMA). In Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35th (pp. 1-9). IEEE. Luo, J., Yan, B. and Wood, K., 2017. InnoGPS for Data-Driven Exploration of Design Opportunities and Directions: The Case of Google Driverless Car Project. Journal of Mechanical Design, 139(11), p.111416. Wadhwa, V. and Salkever, A., 2017. The Driver in the Driverless Car: How Our Technology Choices Will Create the Future. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Williams, M., 2016. Steering Consumers Toward Driverless Vehicles: A Federal Rebate Program as a Catalyst for Early Technology Adoption. Mich. Telecomm. Tech. L. Rev., 23, p.327. Yigitcanlar, T., Currie, G. and Kamruzzaman, M., 2017. Driverless vehicles could bring out the bestor worstin our cities by transforming land use. The Conversation. Zhou, K., Yu, L., Long, Z. and Mo, S., 2017. Local Path Planning of Driverless Car Navigation Based on Jump Point Search Method Under Urban Environment. Future Internet, 9(3), p.51.

Thursday, April 23, 2020

Use Software as a service

Table of Contents Introduction Software as a Service Conclusion Works Cited Introduction The software industry is a dynamic industry which has undergone several changes and one of the current trends in the industry is cloud computing. This technology is known as software as a service (SaaS), using this technology service delivery has improved in the software industry.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Use Software as a service specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Several outsourcing tools are available online for different uses and purposes. Outsourcing tools rely on the technology of cloud computing whereby all processes are run on a web browser. Several cloud computing technologies are available online and they include from simple tasks such as scheduling meeting, backup solutions. All these solutions are run or processed using software technologies. Software as a Service Cloud computing relies heavily on so ftware to undertake the processes needed by customers. Several cloud computing tools were developed to make processes and other activities easier for customer use. This essay is going to investigate one cloud computing tool used in management of data centers on a pre-defined environment. OpenNebula is cloud computing tool that is used in enterprise-class cloud computing management. Through opennebula.org, customers get the opportunity to download an enterprise management cloud computing tool (FornesThe Software as a Service Dilemma). The OpenNebula project was dedicated to making a total virtual machine (VM) software toolkit. OpenNebula runs on different software platforms in providing deployed solutions in networking, storage, user management and virtualization. The importance of using a cloud computing system like OpenNebula is that it makes operations effective by providing different resources at one go. Cloud computing systems like OpenNebula are developed as bundled application s into one suite. As a result, operating such softwareis cost effective compared to other software because operating different software which is license based are expensive. Operating different software on one platform is challenging and it not scalable since it takes a lot of computer resources (Buyya 138). The biggest advantage in using open-source software like OpenNebula is the availability in many versions. Open-source software is designed by a team of developers who form a community of developers. In the development of OpenNebula, several developers were involved in the development of the software and thus they test the software to come up with high-quality software (Chee 42).Advertising Looking for case study on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Compared to use of other software or systems such as telephones or e-mail communication is that cloud systems operate remotely. Total control over cloud systems is difficult c onsidering the fact that some companies offer cloud computing services at a fee or free. These companies could go bankrupt or be bought out by a competitor and therefore the services offered might disappear. The use of OpenNebula cloud computing suite could be replaced by Amazon’s EC2 cloud computing system which is operates on a user managed web interface (Buyya 141). EC2cloud is not open source and the configuration options are set by the admin and the software is compatible with various computer operating system environments like OpenNebula. Conclusion Cloud computing is the new wave in processing activities through the use of online computer resources. The benefits of cloud computing are endless but several challenges lie in the implementation of cloud computing technologies. Some of these challenges outlined include cost and trust issues. The cost of procuring a good cloud computing software or service is costly and it is difficult to trust cloud computing firms with you r data (Chee 28). Although, the adoption of open source cloud computing software has lessened the challenges and revolutionalized the IT industry in resource allocation, data storage or data manipulation. Works Cited Buyya, Rajkumar,  Broberg, James,  and GoÅ›ciÅ„ski Andrzej. Cloud Computing: Principles and Paradigms. Boston, MA: John Wiley Sons, 2011. Print. Chee, Brown, and Franklin Conroe. Applications for Clouds, Chapter 4 in Cloud Computing: Technologies and Strategies of the Ubiquitous Data Center. London: CRC Press, 2010. Print. Fornes, Daniel. The Software as a Service Dilemma. The Software Advice Blog, 10 Nov.2010. Web.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Use Software as a service specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This case study on Use Software as a service was written and submitted by user Zayne J. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.