Nuclear Arms Race in South Asia and Its Impact on Regional...

NUCLEAR ARMS RACE IN SOUTH ASIA AND ITS IMPACT ON REGIONAL SECURITY INTRODUCTION 1. The nuclear age opened during World War II with a blinding light; a deafening roars fire and blood. The world’s first nuclear bomb exploded at Alamogordo on 16 July 1945. It had a very complex history. The sensational discovery of nuclear fission first came in Germany in December 1938. British research then showed that the manufacture of a nuclear weapon was almost possible. The American technological, scientific and industrial effort in the â€Å"Manhattan Project†, that actually built the bomb. At last initial test was carried out in the wastes of New Mexico desert. The American first used nuclear bomb against Japan in August 1945 in World War II. 2. The†¦show more content†¦Consequently the concern about India surfaces more strongly in the minds of the NNWS than any other state. Besides, India is so close to each one of them in terms of shared history, inheritance and culture that one cannot help but recognize her overwhelming influence. For them, to divorce the past, which all these countries shared with India, is to cut themselves off from their roots. 6. None of the NNWS of South Asia matches the Indian power capabilities with respect to any of the attributes of power. The power difference is so enormous that no NNWS can either singly or collectively encounter the Indian pressure and threat. Therefore, both militarily and economically the states are extremely vulnerable vis-à  -vis India. All these issues bear out the fact that India, a single overwhelming factor, and looms very large in the minds of the small states of South Asia when matters not only of external relations but also of domestic importance are considered. 7. Pakistan is also an important actor in the region and appears big in the mind of NNWS too. But they do not so far perceive it as a threat. Nevertheless, when India and to some extent Pakistan acquire huge armed forces, with the latest combat aircraft, tanks, guns, a vast industrial establishment, a nuclear capability and even a nuclear power submarine then the smaller countries of south Asia cannot but watch with a high degree ofShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of the Cold War on the World1648 Words   |  7 Pagessuggests that the rivalry between the superpowers were responsible for worsening and prolonging the regional conflicts. The Cold War was the elongated tension between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. It started in the mid 40s after WWII had left Europe in shambles and USSR and US in superpower positions. The Cold War was a clash of these superpowers in political, ideological, security, and economic values and ideas. 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The Cultural Landscape Of Asian And Latin American Countries

Abstract Street markets have always been a significant aspect of the cultural landscape of Asian and Latin American countries such as China, Thailand, India, Brazil and Mexico. These markets become creators of vital public space and with time, through their actions, appropriate loose space and make a permanent place for themselves in the collective memory of people, eventually contributing to the cultural identity of these neighborhoods. Yet, this potential of markets to become successful and vibrant social spaces and a solution to the class divided hierarchical cities of today, is often not acknowledged or accepted by civic authorities. The State’s policy towards these street markets in developing countries has largely been to eliminate†¦show more content†¦Informal Markets: Creators of Public Space Public Markets play a central role in the formation of public culture and have an articulated relationship with space and society. They morphologically shape space and also shape social networks and economic systems. A large share of market not absorbed by formal economic activities becomes a part of the informal market. It also represents a significant percentage of the national economy, and guarantees jobs to a large number of people. They are rather a sign of heroic entrepreneurship (Hernando de Soto 2000), or of ‘informal survivalism’ as (Mike David 2004) puts it, a primarily mode of livelihood in majority of the Third World countries. Through their act of an informalized production of space, they maximize limited space or create space where no space exists in commercially viable prime locations, thereby creating an economic opportunity out of it and social space as a by-product. While market places fulfil economic considerations, by providing an alternative means of livelihoods to millions, they also perform an indispensable social function by becoming communal spaces, giving life to neighborhoods. Overtime, they become an intrinsic part of the cultural landscape of any neighborhood or city and become places of social gathering at the street level. They act as a catchment area for a community, and provide food, entertainment and social interaction and hence, they successfully

Use of Technology in Cities -Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Use of Technology in Cities. Answer: Introduction Technology is anything which makes life easy and hassle free. The driver less car can be considered as one of the most innovative ideas which can be directly applied to technology. In recent times driver faults can be considered as one of the biggest reason of accidents which occur (Cummings 2017). The driverless cars have mainly gone from science fiction to facts. For instance, the google driver less car are already seen on roads. It was stated that it was driven over a millions miles as of June 2015. The concept of the driverless car is very much beneficial but on the other hand there are many technological aspects which are related to the concept. The main point of emphasis that can be stated is that navigation section from point A to point B. the concept heavily depends on the information which is collected from the surround environment of the car. The main aim of the report is put into consideration the concept which is applied to the driverless car. Emphasis would be put towards the point that how the technology would be beneficial for the society and the concept of connected and driverless car: benefit to business and other aspects of the technology. On the other hand, the means of collecting the information in order to propagate from one to another is also an important aspect of the report. Benefits to the society Driverless car can directly restore the factor of independence towards those who are not able to drive or are physically disabled. the technology can also be beneficial for those who live in area where transport facility is very much less. This would directly lead to predictable journey by means of integrating themselves with the real time management. Travellers can directly reduce the time which is involved in the concept of travelling and as a whole it can economically be used for different purpose (Gaska, Chen and Summerville 2016). Cyber security Perspective Putting focus on the cyber security perspective driverless car can present a number of unique considerations, risk and challenges. As the technology of the driverless car is evolving the manufacturers are focused to build sound privacy and practices which are related to cyber security (Cummings 2017). The privacy aspect is basically characterized by proactive and not reactive. It can anticipate and prevent events which are invasive actually occur. It mainly aims at preventing them before they actually occur. The system being active in an automatic environment it can be very much prone towards hacking. So precaution measures should be implemented in order to avoid such scenario. A driverless car is generally defined as a vehicle with an inbuilt system which performs dynamic driving task with limit assistance form human. It can be basically understood using the following spectrums: Level 0 No automation Level 1 driver assistance Level 2 - partial automation Level 3 partial automation Level 4- high automation Level 5 full automation (Williams 2016). The driverless car can continuously collect the information from the surrounding using a variety of resources which are mainly a radar, a laser surveying technology which is called Lider and three dimensional map. In order to implement the technology, the cars computer utilizes the wireless technology in order to transmit data about the surrounding of the year which is mainly done in real time. The cloud storage can be used in order to store the data which is being collected (Gaska, Chen and Summerville 2016). The driverless car on the other hand should also be able to communicate with each other. This should also be done in real time prospective. Technology is being developed which mainly enables driverless cars to communicate with each other and the infrastructure of the surrounding scenario through the use of sensors that broadcast information (Yigitcanlar, Currie and Kamruzzaman 2017). More advanced intersection control is being implemented which can mainly enable the cars to sense road signs, approaching vehicles and traffic lights from any direction and accordingly adjust the speed. Main data source The key data source for the technology of the driverless cars is the Lider (Chen and Nie 2017). Lider is an acronym for light ranging and detection. This mainly helps to perceive the surrounding of the cars. The Lider creates a high resolution, three dimensional image of the vehicle immediate environment. The Lider data are integrated with a number of other inputs. This mainly include images which are digital which provide visual supplement information such as shape and colour and the GPS (Global positioning system) coordinates. This helps the car to develop a precise understanding of its position on the road and the sonar and the radar, this mainly helps in detecting the nearby objects and their proximity (Fell 2017). Software advantage The chief advantage which is related to the driverless cars derives from the software. It is the software above all the implementations which are involved in the concept. The traditional car manufacturers should always take into consideration the threats that can be involved in the concept. A recent report by the KPMG stated that by the year 2030 all the cars which are new would have some elements which are related to the connectivity and a quarter would be fully autonomous (Gaska, Chen and Summerville 2016). Established car makers have to put forwards the sector of the innovation while still trying to develop the concept of producing conventional vehicles (Zhou et al. 2016). Legal obligations and liability The electronic documents and the personal information acts (PIPEDA) governs the protection of the information which are personal in the course which is related to commercial activities in all the jurisdiction. (Wadhwa, V. and Salkever 2017). Price of privacy People are very much prepared to trade in return for the service like the in house monitoring leading to a lower insurance premium and future location and driving conditions in order to enable better traffic management (Cui 2016). The data security measures should be a high point of emphasis and the concept of the data protocols. The autonomous vehicles wont work if their technology doesnt match up the concept of the developing infrastructure such as car park and the traffic management concept. It mainly sets a standard that will provide a base from which it starts the process of the development of the connected vehicles would can be stated as an invaluable first step (Luo, Yan and Wood 2017). Conclusion The technology which is related to the driverless car comes up with various opportunities. On the other hand, risk factors are also enforced into the concept. Driverless cars will by necessity create, collect and exchange a he amounts of data in order to fulfil the performance need of the technology. All the manufacturers who are involved in the concept a reality on the road from the manufacturer of the sensors to the manufacturer of the cars should be mindful of these issue in order to ensure that this data is properly protected and collected. This technology in the near future can be termed as the safest, efficient and the cheapest of the technology which is related to the transport sector The report can be concluded on the fact that Whereas in the past, car owners were attracted by speed, performance and luxury, tomorrows owner/passenger who, after all, will not be doing so much driving may be more interested in the tech specs such as fast broadband and in car entertainment. In the near future it can play a very vital role in involving a new technological trend. References Chen, P.W. and Nie, Y.M., 2017. Connecting e-hailing to mass transit platform: Analysis of relative spatial position. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 77, pp.444-461. Cui, X., 2016. The internet of things. In Ethical Ripples of Creativity and Innovation (pp. 61-68). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Cummings, M., 2017. Point of View: The Brave New World of Driverless Cars: The Need for Interdisciplinary Research and Workforce Development. TR News, (308). Fell, J., 2017. Cars of the future [Transport Concept Cars]. Engineering Technology, 12(2), pp.48-53. Gaska, T., Chen, Y. and Summerville, D., 2016, September. Leveraging driverless car investment in next generation integrated modular avionics (IMA). In Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35th (pp. 1-9). IEEE. Luo, J., Yan, B. and Wood, K., 2017. InnoGPS for Data-Driven Exploration of Design Opportunities and Directions: The Case of Google Driverless Car Project. Journal of Mechanical Design, 139(11), p.111416. Wadhwa, V. and Salkever, A., 2017. The Driver in the Driverless Car: How Our Technology Choices Will Create the Future. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Williams, M., 2016. Steering Consumers Toward Driverless Vehicles: A Federal Rebate Program as a Catalyst for Early Technology Adoption. Mich. Telecomm. Tech. L. Rev., 23, p.327. Yigitcanlar, T., Currie, G. and Kamruzzaman, M., 2017. Driverless vehicles could bring out the bestor worstin our cities by transforming land use. The Conversation. Zhou, K., Yu, L., Long, Z. and Mo, S., 2017. Local Path Planning of Driverless Car Navigation Based on Jump Point Search Method Under Urban Environment. Future Internet, 9(3), p.51.